Ganter Norm Standard Parts - Catalogue Page 2171
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Finishes in Alphabetical Order Anodizing Black Oxide Coating Chrome-Plating Anodizing is one of the most widely used methods for treating the surface of aluminum workpieces. In this surface treatment, an anodizing process is used in which the surface of the component is specifically oxidized electrolytically—the top layer converts into a stable oxide compound Al2O3. Changing the process parameters allows the layer thickness to be varied between 5 and 25 μm and allows organic, inorganic, or electrolytic coloration. Black-bronzed parts are only minimally protected against corrosion. The process is therefore, usually used to improve storage stability or for decorative reasons. Chromium layers with thicknesses between 8 and 10 μm are used for decorative purposes and are available as glossy or matte chrome-plating from Ganter. When the workpieces are placed in the hot black oxide solution, a chemical reaction creates a mixed oxide layer consisting of FeO and Fe2O3 with a maximum thickness of 1.5 μm. The dimensional accuracy is preserved. The conversion layer is heat resistant up to about 300°C and is resistant to abrasion and bending, although it is too porous to provide adequate protection against corrosion. This protection can be achieved through additional coatings for which the black-oxide layer acts as a primer. The process is standardized according to DIN 50938. The process is galvanic process. Chromium ions are supplied from an aqueous solution with a chromic acid base. The surface treatment takes place in an electrolytic tank, whereby the workpiece acts as the anode and the sulfur or oxalic acid filing is the cathode. Usually direct current is used, which creates a weak flow of current between the two electrodes. The hydrogen ions created in this process stimulate electrochemical corrosion on the aluminum surface, during which released atomic oxygen reacts with the metallic aluminum to form a hard oxide layer. Anodizing is mainly used to give aluminum workpieces better corrosion resistance. Introduction of dyes in the Al2O3 layer also allows anodizing to permanently color code components or visually enhance them – for example, by means of a red color. Page 2170 | Surface Treatments Usually a combination of layers are necessary, whereby which the chromium always forms the top layer. For example, Ganter uses two-layer chrome-plating with nickel as the first layer and chromium as the top layer. The three-layer process is also used. Here the first layer is copper, the second nickel, and the final layer is chromium. Chrome-plating is a comparably cost-intensive process that places high demands on occupational safety and environmental protection due to the use of chromium(VI)-based electrolytes. Alternative electrolytes based on non-toxic chromium(III) are still in the testing phase.
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