Bosch Air tools for industry catalog Page 110
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110 | Air technology guide Therefore, 2,000 : 240 = 8.33 minutes pass before the When determining and checking the pipe cross-sec- compressor switches on again at 8 bar network pres- tion, take into account that all tools are never in use sure. simultaneously. This is accounted for by multiplying As with the selection of the compressor and pressure with what is known as the demand factor (Fig. 3). tank, any increase in consumption that may occur taken into account when setting up the supply network. In practice, it is usually not possible to prevent the Demand factor later, e.g. due to production extension, must also be compressed air cooling in the pipe. To ensure that 0.95 0.90 0.85 condensed water that occurs in the process cannot 0.80 flow back towards the compressor, the pipes are laid at a slight incline of 2 to 3% in the direction of flow. 0.75 Condensate traps can then collect the water at the 0.70 lowest points of the piping system. To also keep the 0.65 condensate away from the tapping points to a large extent, branch-offs are usually fed upwards out of the 0.60 1 5 main pipe (Fig. 4). 10 15 Number of tools The pipe or hose inner diameter has a major influence Fig. 3 Demand factor on the performance of the air tools. Insufficiently dimensioned pipes increase the flow The pressure loss caused by the resistance in the fit- resistances and result in a corresponding drop in tings etc. is accounted for by adding approx. 30% to machine power. the actual pipe length. The pressure loss to distant The following factors must be taken into account parts of the system should not amount to more than when selecting the pipe cross-sections (if possible, 10% of the network pressure, if possible. If pressure not under 3/4" for pipelines): losses of 1 bar or more occur, the circumstances in the piping system absolutely must be examined. ▶ Air quantity, pipe pressure, flow velocity, pressure losses Generally, closed loop pipes are used in large piping systems because better supply of the active tapping ▶ Length of the pipe points is guaranteed if the load is rising (Fig. 4). ▶ Quantity and type of pipe fittings such as elbows, bends, T-pieces, constrictions, maintenance unit, couplings, etc. ▶ Future increase in air requirement and possible extension of the system Closed loop pipe system 2–3% incline Pressure tank before large-scale consumer Compressor Maintenance unit Air chamber Aftercooler Water separator Fig. 4 Diagram of a compressed-air system Lowest point Condensate trap
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