fischer fixing-systems main-catalogue Strana 663
Nabídka komerčních zákazníků **Nejlépe prodávané z Fischer
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Basic knowledge of fastening technology Design of fastenings. Two different anchor designs are differentiated. Method with global safety factors Other important design provisions are: Permissible loads are determined from the average failure load or from the 5 % fractile load and compared with the action load. EOTA TR020 Anchor design in concrete under fire exposure, or CEN/TS 1992-4, Part 1, Appendix D The safety factor depends on the anchoring system, the type of installation and external influences such as temperature and or humidity. Global safety factors are generally γ = 3 for steel and bonded anchors and γ = 5 for plastic anchors. EOTA TR045 Anchor design in concrete for seismic actions Methods with partial safety factors The applicable assessment design methods are generally indicated in the respective ETA. It is important that design methods are not commingled. According to this method, it is shown that the value of the design actions Sd does not exceed the value of the design resistance Rd (Sd ≤ Rd). The action on fixings are determined according to the same rules and used the same partial safety factors employed in reinforcred concrete design (see Eurocode 1990; national appendix must be observed). The design resistance is determined by using the characteristic resistance and the partial safety factor of the material (γM ), which takes into account the scatter of the material. The values can be taken directly form the ETA. Safety is national law. The design method as well as the related partial safety factors are determined by the Member State. Only the product-specific coefficient for installation is specified in the ETA, which is used to calculate the partial factor γM. The design standard EN 1992-4, contains the national determined partial safety factors (observe the respective national appendex). The design method as set down according to ETAG 001, Annex C design method for metal anchors and the design method according to TR029 - bonded anchor design in concrete, as well as CEN/ TS 1992-4, Section 4 (mechanical anchors) and Section 5 (chemical anchors) are the current methods for anchor design based on a European Technical Approval or Assessment (ETA). Moreover, the ETAG 001 Annex C distinguishes between three different design methods (A, B and C), method A being the most important and the most economical method since anchors are considered separately for all load directions and failure modes. Methods B and C play a minor role and are hardly used. The design for metal anchor (under static and seismic loads as well as under fire exposure) is summarised in EN1992-4, i. e. in Section 4 of the Eurocode 2, ratified by each Member State and, adapted for national annexes. fischer has developed a simple yet powerful design software for daily use: the fischer Fixperience-Module C-FIX. The software enables designers and users to carry out anchor designs according to different design methods. Complex anchor arrangements can be calculated quickly and easily. The feature “multple design” makes it possible to select the best technical and cost saving solution. The CE mark is the only means to certify whether the manufacturer has conformed to the applicable harmonised requirements of construction products. The CE label allows the construction product to be freely traded without trade barriers in the European Economic Area. Each Member State determines the essential characteristics for use of the construction product and its performance in its territory. The unrestricted use of a construction product in a Member State depends on whether performance values exist in the DoP for the essential characteristics determined by the Member State. If one characteristic is declared with “NPD“ (No Performance Determined), this can lead to a ban on use in a Member State. Therefore, each member State must establish Product Contact Points, which will provide information on these regulations. In Germany, this is the Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM: see www.pcp.bam.de). 663 16
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